Mars has been known since ancient times, and it is visible to the naked eye from Earth. Therefore, it wasn't "discovered" in the same way that some other celestial bodies were through telescopic observation.
Ancient civilizations, such as the Babylonians, Greeks, and Egyptians, observed and documented the movements of Mars in the night sky. The first recorded observations of Mars date back thousands of years. However, the understanding of Mars as a planet orbiting the Sun evolved over time with advancements in astronomy.
In terms of telescopic observation, the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei made observations of Mars through his telescope in the early 17th century. Subsequent astronomers, such as Johannes Kepler and Christiaan Huygens, also made significant contributions to our understanding of Mars and its orbit. The use of telescopes and later advancements in space exploration have provided increasingly detailed information about the planet.
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