Do all stars twinkle?

Yes, the twinkling of stars, scientifically known as stellar scintillation, is a phenomenon caused by the Earth's atmosphere. When starlight passes through the Earth's atmosphere, it undergoes refraction, or bending, due to the varying density of the air. This bending of light causes the apparent position of the star to shift slightly, and it can lead to the twinkling effect that we observe from the Earth's surface.

However, not all celestial objects twinkle. Planets, for example, often appear steadier and don't exhibit the same twinkling as stars. This is because planets' apparent sizes are larger, and their light is often a combination of reflected sunlight and their inherent light emission. The broader disk of a planet's apparent size makes the effects of atmospheric turbulence less pronounced.

In summary, while stars commonly twinkle due to the Earth's atmosphere, planets generally exhibit less twinkling because of their larger apparent sizes and the nature of their light sources.

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Pluto: The dwarf planet

Pluto , once considered the ninth planet in our solar system, is now classified as a dwarf planet. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) redefined the criteria for classifying planets, leading to Pluto's reclassification as a "dwarf planet." According to the IAU definition, a celestial body must orbit the Sun, be spherical in shape, and clear its orbit of other debris to be considered a planet. Education on planets/solar system is essential for advancing our understanding of the universe, fostering technological innovation, addressing environmental challenges, exploring the potential for extraterrestrial life, and inspiring future generations of scientists and explorers. For More Planetary Facts & Space Animation: Space Balls Videos

Does mars have gravity?

About Mars Gravity : Yes, Mars does have gravity, but it is weaker than Earth's gravity. The surface gravity on Mars is about 38% of the gravity on Earth. This means that objects on Mars weigh less than they do on Earth. The strength of gravity on a planet depends on its mass and size. Mars is smaller and less massive than Earth, so its gravitational force is weaker. The surface gravity on Mars is approximately 3.72076 meters per second squared (m/s²), compared to Earth's gravity, which is about 9.81 m/s². Despite the lower gravity, Mars still has enough gravitational force to hold onto its atmosphere and allow for various geological features on the planet's surface. For More Planetary Facts & Space Animation: Space Balls Videos

Does mars have oxygen?

Mars has an extremely thin atmosphere, composed mostly of carbon dioxide with trace amounts of other gases. The atmosphere on Mars contains only about 0.13% oxygen, compared to Earth's atmosphere, which is about 21% oxygen. This low concentration of oxygen on Mars is not sufficient to support human life. Additionally, Mars lacks the necessary processes, such as photosynthesis, to continuously replenish oxygen in its atmosphere. Therefore, if humans were to visit or eventually settle on Mars, they would need to bring their own oxygen supply or develop advanced life support systems to generate oxygen for breathing. For More Planetary Facts & Space Animation: Space Balls Videos

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